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Everything about 1934 totally explainedYear 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.
Events of 1934
January
June
June 6 - New Deal: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Securities Exchange Act into law, establishing the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
June 9 - Release of the animated short The Wise Little Hen, directed by Bert Gillett for the Silly Symphonies series, featuring the debut of Donald Duck.
June 10 - Italy beat Czechoslovakia 2-1 after extra time to win the 1934 World Cup.
June 12 - Political parties banned in Bulgaria
June 14 - Max Baer defeats champion Primo Carnera for the world heavyweight boxing title.
June 18 - Indian Reorganization Act was enacted.
June 27 - Emir of Yemen and ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia conclude a peace treaty
June 30
July
July 1
July 10 - German social democrat and author Erich Mühsam killed in Oranienburg concentration camp
July 17 - Supreme court of North Dakota declares lieutenant governor of the state, Ole H. Olson, the legitimate governor and tells William Langer to resign. Langer proceeds to declare North Dakota independent. He revokes the declaration after the Supreme Court justices meet him.
July 22 - Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
July 25
August
August 2 - Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany, becoming head of state as well as Chancellor.
August 8 - The Wehrmacht swears a personal oath of loyalty to Adolf Hitler.
August 13 - The comic strip Lil' Abner is first published.
August 19 - The first All-American Soap Box Derby is held in Dayton, Ohio.
August 25 - Anti-union vigilantes seize the town of McGuffey, Ohio, during the Hardin County onion pickers strike.
September
September 8 - Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner Morro Castle kills 134 people.
September 19
September 21 - Typhoon in Honshū, Japan - 3036 reported killed. Mainly destroy temple, schools, and other buildings at Osaka.
September 22 - A gas explosion took place at Gresford Colliery in Wrexham, north-east Wales which led to the death of 266 miners and rescuers. This was one of the worst tragedies in Welsh mining history.
September 28
September 29 - Stanley Matthews makes his England debut, beginning a record 23-year international career
October
October 2 - Tornado in Osaka and Kyoto destroys the rice harvest - 1660 dead, 5400 injured
October 5 - Asturian miners rebel. (Asturias, Spain).
October 6 - Catalonian separatists rebel
October 9 - King Alexander of Yugoslavia and French foreign minister Louis Barthou are assassinated during the king's state visit in Marseilles.
October 16 - The Long March of Chinese communists begins.
October 22 - Charles Arthur "Pretty Boy" Floyd shot and killed by FBI agents near East Liverpool, Ohio.
November
November 13 - Italian government decreed that teachers must use a military or party uniform in a class.
November 21
- MCC makes an ultimately controversial decision to alter the lbw rule so a batsman can be lbw to a ball pitching outside off stump. The change is later blamed for many problems developing during the 1950s - primarily negative bowling outside leg stump to a field of short-leg fieldsmen.
- Cole Porter's musical Anything Goes, starring Ethel Merman, premieres in New York City.
November 23 - An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal, which lay well within Ethiopian territory. This encounter leads to the Abyssinia Crisis.
November 26 - Universal Pictures releases the first film version of Fannie Hurst's novel, Imitation of Life, starring Claudette Colbert and Louise Beavers. It gives Beavers, who was usually featured in small roles as a maid, her best screen role, and features the largest supporting role played by a black person in a Hollywood film up till then. Its storyline is extremely daring for a 1934 film - part of it revolves around a young mulatto girl rejecting her mother and trying to "pass for white". It is the first Hollywood film to seriously deal with this subject. The 1936 film version of Show Boat, also from Universal, will deal with a similar storyline.
November 27 - A running gun battle between FBI agents and bank robber Baby Face Nelson results in the death of one FBI agent and the mortal wounding of special agent Sam Cowley, who is still able to mortally wound Nelson.
December
December 1 - In the Soviet Union, Politburo member Sergei Kirov is shot dead at the Communist Party headquarters in Leningrad by Leonid Nikolaev (it is widely thought that Soviet leader Joseph Stalin ordered this murder). In Mexico, Lázaro Cárdenas is inaugurated as President of that country.
December 5 - Abyssinia Crisis: Ethiopian and Italian troops exchange gunfire. Reported casualties for the Ethiopians are 150, and for the Italians 50.
December 18 - Low-key fascist conference in Moreaux
December 24 - Actor Lionel Barrymore begins what will become an annual tradition of the Golden Age of Radio - playing the role of Ebenezer Scrooge in dramatizations of Charles Dickens's A Christmas Carol. Barrymore will continue playing Scrooge on radio until shortly before his death in 1954. He will also make a 78-RPM record album of the classic story, which will later be released on LP.
December 26 - American Airlines aircraft crashes in Adirondack Mountains
December 27 - Persia becomes Iran
December 29 - Japan renounces the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 and the London Naval Treaty of 1930.
Undated
The sonoluminescence effect is discovered.
The GPU becomes the NKVD.
Abidjan becomes the capital of the French colony of Côte d'Ivoire.
Ongoing
Rise of the Nazi Party.
Births
January-February
January 7 - Charlie Jenkins, American runner
January 9 - Bart Starr, American football player
January 11 - Jean Chrétien, Prime Minister of Canada
January 16 - Marilyn Horne, American mezzo-soprano
January 18 - Raymond Briggs, British writer and illustrator
January 20 - Tom Baker, British actor
January 22 - Bill Bixby, American television actor (d. 1993)
January 24 - Stanisław Grochowiak, Polish poet and dramatist (d. 1976)
February 5 - Hank Aaron, American baseball player
February 7 - Earl King, American musician (d. 2003)
February 10 - Fleur Adcock, New Zealand poet
February 11
February 12
February 13 - George Segal, American actor
February 14
February 15 - Niklaus Wirth, Swiss computer scientist
February 17
February 20 - Bobby Unser, American race car driver
February 21 - Rue McClanahan, American actress
February 22
February 24
February 27
March-April
March 1
March 4
March 5 - Daniel Kahneman, Israeli economist, Nobel Prize laureate
March 7
March 9
March 11 - Sam Donaldson, American reporter
March 13 - Barry Hughart, American author
March 14
March 16 - Richard Layard, Baron Layard, British economist
March 16 - Ray Hnatyshyn, Governor-General of Canada (d. 2002)
March 20 - Willie Brown, Mayor of San Francisco, California
March 22
March 23 - Mark Rydell, American actor and director
March 25 - Gloria Steinem, American feminist
March 26 - Alan Arkin, American actor
March 31 - Shirley Jones, American singer and actress
March 31 - Carlo Rubbia, Italian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
April 1
April 2
April 3 - Jane Goodall, British zoologist
April 9 - Bill Birch, New Zealand politician
April 11 - Mark Strand, Canadian-born American poet
April 24
April 25 - Peter McParland, Irish footballer
April 29 - Otis Rush, American musician
May-June
May 3 - Henry Cooper, British boxer
May 9 - Alan Bennett, British actor and writer
May 13 - Leon Wagner, baseball player (d. 2004)
May 14 - Siân Phillips, Welsh actress
May 15 - George Roper, British comedian (d. 2003)
May 19 - Jim Lehrer, American television journalist
May 21 - Bengt I. Samuelsson, Swedish biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
May 22 - Peter Nero, American pianist
May 23 - Robert Moog, American inventor of the synthesizer
May 24 - Barry Rose, British choir director and organist
May 27 - Harlan Ellison, American writer
May 28 - Dionne quintuplets, Canadian quintuplets
May 30 - Aleksei Leonov, Russian cosmonaut
June 3 - Rolland D. McCune, American theologian
June 5 - Bill Moyers, American journalist
June 6 - King Albert II of Belgium
June 16 - William Forsyth Sharpe, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
June 26 - Jeremy Wolfenden, British journalist (d. 1965)
June 28 - Carl Levin, United States Senator
June 30 - Harry Blackstone Jr., American magician (d. 1997)
July-August
July 1
July 10 - Jerry Nelson, American puppeteer
July 11 - Giorgio Armani, Italian fashion designer
July 12 - Van Cliburn, American pianist
July 13
July 14 - John Tyndall, British politician (d. 2005)
July 15 - Harrison Birtwistle, British composer
July 30 - Bud Selig, current Major League Baseball commissioner
August 2 - Valery Bykovsky, Russian cosmonaut and prostitute
August 3 - Jonas Savimbi, Angolan political and rebel leader (d. 2002)
August 4 - Dallas Green, American baseball manager and executive
August 5 - Wendell Berry, American novelist, essayist, poet
August 15 - Nino Ferrer, French singer (d. 1998)
August 18 - Vincent Bugliosi, American prosecutor and author
August 18 - Roberto Clemente, Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player (d. 1972)
August 19 - Renée Richards, American transsexual physician and tennis player
August 22 - Norman Schwarzkopf, U.S. Army general
August 23
August 25 - Eddie Ilarde, Filipino broadcaster and politician
August 26 - Tom Heinsohn, American baseketball player, coach, and broadcaster
August 30 - Anatoli Solonitsyn, Russian actor (d. 1982)
September-October
September 2 - Dominic Chianese, American actor
September 4 - Clive Granger, Welsh-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate
September 7 - Little Milton, American musician
September 8 - Peter Maxwell Davies, English composer
September 10 - Charles Kuralt, American journalist (d. 1997)
September 15 - Fred Nile, Australian Christian politician
September 16 - Elgin Baylor, American basketball player and executive
September 17 - Maureen Connolly, American tennis player (d. 1969)
September 19 - Brian Epstein, English manager of the Beatles (d. 1967)
September 20 - Sophia Loren, Italian actress
September 21 - Leonard Cohen, Canadian poet, novelist and singer/songwriter
September 22 - Lute Olson, American basketball coach
September 23 - Ahmad Shah Khan, Crown Prince of Afghanistan
September 24 - Tommy Anderson, Scottish footballer
September 27 - Wilford Brimley, diabetic actor.
September 28 - Brigitte Bardot, French actress, sex symbol of the 1950s and 60's, and animal rights activist
September 30 - Anna Kashfi, Welsh actress
October 1 - Chuck Hiller, baseball player (d. 2004)
October 2 - Earl Wilson, baseball player (d. 2005)
October 4 - Sam Huff, American football player
October 9 - Jill Ker Conway, Australian-born author
October 13 - Nana Mouskouri, Greek singer
October 17 - Rico Rodriguez, Jamaican trombonist
October 18 - Chuck Swindoll, American evangelist
October 20 - Michael Dunn, a.k.a. Gary Neil Miller, dwarf American actor and singer (d. 1973)
October 30 - Frans Brüggen, Dutch flutist, recorder player, and conductor
November-December
November 1 - Umberto Agnelli, Swiss-born automobile executive (d. 2004)
November 6 - Barton Myers, American/Canadian architect
November 9 - Carl Sagan, American astronomer (d. 1996)
November 12 - Charles Manson, American criminal
November 13 - John Gowans, General of The Salvation Army
November 24 - Alfred Schnittke, Volga German composer (d. 1998)
November 27 - Ammo Baba, Assyrian soccer legend
December 2 - Andre Rodgers, American baseball player (d. 2004)
December 3 - Viktor Gorbatko, Russian cosmonaut
December 4 - Wink Martindale, American game show host and disc jockey
December 5 - Joan Didion, American writer
December 9
December 10 - Howard Martin Temin, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1994)
December 18 - Boris Volynov, Russian cosmonaut
December 19
December 27 - Larissa Latynina, Russian gymnast
December 28
December 30
Deaths
January - March
January 6 - Herbert Chapman, English football manager (b. 1878)
January 10 - Marinus van der Lubbe, Dutch communist accused of setting fire to the Reichstag (executed) (b. 1909)
January 29 - Fritz Haber, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1868)
February 17 - King Albert I of Belgium (b. 1875)
February 23 - Edward Elgar, English composer (b. 1857)
March 15 - Davidson Black, Canadian-born paleoanthropologist (b.1884)
March 20 - Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, Dutch Queen and regent (b.1858)
March 29 - Otto Hermann Kahn, German-born philanthropist (b. 1867)
April - June
May 23
May 25 - Gustav Holst, English composer (b. 1874)
May 30 - Togo Heihachiro, Japanese admiral (b. 1848)
June 10 - Frederick Delius, English composer (b. 1862)
June 11 - Lev Vygotsky, Russian developmental psychologist (b. 1896)
June 20 - Andrew Jackson Zilker, American philanthropist (b. 1858)
June 30 - Kurt von Schleicher, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1882)
July - September
July 4 - Marie Curie, Polish-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and physics (b. 1867)
July 8 - Benjamin Baillaud, French astronomer (b. 1848)
July 13 - Kate Sheppard, New Zealand Women's suffrage for voting (b. 1848)
July 22 - John Dillinger, American criminal (b. 1903)
July 25
July 25 - Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarchist (b. 1889)
July 26 - Winsor McCay, American comic creator and animator (b. 1871)
July 27 - Hubert Lyautey, Marshal of France (b. 1854)
July 28 - Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (b. 1868)
August 2 - Paul von Hindenburg, German general and politician (b. 1847)
August 17 - Charlotte Gilman, Noted poet and play write and in National Women's Hall of Fame in Seneca, New York (b. 1860)
September 2 - Alcide Nunez, American musician (b. 1884)
October - December
October 17 - Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish histologist and neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1852)
November 2 - Edmond James de Rothschild, French philanthropist (b. 1845)
November 16 - Alice Liddell, English schoolgirl, inspiration for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (b. 1852)
November 22 - Harry Steppe, American vaudeville performer (b. 1888)
November 30 - Hélène Boucher, French aviatrix (b. 1908)
December 1 - Sergei Kirov, Soviet leader (b. 1886)
December 6 - Duke Charles Michael of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1863)
Nobel prizes
Physics - not awarded
Chemistry - Harold Clayton Urey
Physiology or Medicine - George Hoyt Whipple, George Richards Minot, William Parry Murphy
Literature - Luigi Pirandello
Peace - Arthur Henderson
Further Information
Get more info on '1934'.
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